CIRCULATION STUDIO FIELD GUIDE
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Interventions
Every drug, maneuver, device and electrical intervention.
Milrinone
Find Milrinone in Inotropes. PDE-3 inhibition increases cAMP: positive inotropy plus systemic and pulmonary vasodilation. Renally cleared.
Mitral clip
Find Mitral clip in Experimental. Edge-to-edge leaflet approximation reduces mitral regurgitation and the systolic LA/wedge v wave. It can increase the transmitral gradient.
Mitral valve prosthesis
Find Mitral valve prosthesis in Experimental. Replacement relieves native mitral inflow obstruction or regurgitation. Wedge burden falls; eliminating MR increases effective LV afterload.
Nitroglycerin
Find Nitroglycerin in Vasodilators. NO-mediated cGMP signaling; venodilation predominates at lower doses, reducing preload.
Nitroprusside
Find Nitroprusside in Vasodilators. Rapid NO donor causing arterial and venous dilation; reduces afterload and preload.
Norepinephrine
Find Norepinephrine in Vasopressors. Predominant α₁ vasoconstriction with β₁ support; raises SVR and perfusion pressure.
Oral treprostinil · prostacyclin analogue
Find Oral treprostinil · prostacyclin analogue in Pulmonary vasodilators. Treprostinil is a prostacyclin analogue that activates prostanoid receptors and promotes cAMP-mediated vasodilation. Extended-release oral treprostinil is distinct from the selective IP-receptor agonist selexipag and from infused treprostinil.
Passive leg raise
Find Passive leg raise in Maneuvers. Transient redistribution of venous blood toward the thorax tests preload responsiveness without an infused fluid bolus. CO increases only with adequate cardiac reserve; congestion may rise with little output benefit.
PDE5 inhibitor · tadalafil / sildenafil
Find PDE5 inhibitor · tadalafil / sildenafil in Pulmonary vasodilators. A PDE5 inhibitor such as tadalafil or sildenafil slows cGMP breakdown and supports pulmonary vascular smooth-muscle relaxation. This is a representative class response, not an individual drug-dose model.
Pericardiocentesis
Find Pericardiocentesis in Procedures. Drainage reduces intrapericardial pressure, restoring diastolic filling and stroke volume. Atrial pressures fall and separate; BP rises and pulsus paradoxus recedes.
Phenylephrine
Find Phenylephrine in Vasopressors. Selective α₁ agonist; increases SVR without direct inotropy and may cause reflex bradycardia.
Procainamide · IV
Find Procainamide · IV in Rate & rhythm. Class IA sodium-channel blockade slows conduction; parent drug and NAPA prolong refractoriness. Renal clearance affects accumulation.
Propofol
Find Propofol in Sedation. GABA-mediated hypnosis reduces sympathetic vascular tone; myocardial and respiratory depression increase with exposure. No analgesia.
SC treprostinil · continuous infusion
Find SC treprostinil · continuous infusion in Pulmonary vasodilators. Treprostinil is a prostacyclin analogue that produces pulmonary and systemic vasodilation through prostanoid-receptor signalling. A continuous SC infusion is a separate route-specific endpoint, not an alias of IV epoprostenol.
Selexipag · oral IP agonist
Find Selexipag · oral IP agonist in Pulmonary vasodilators. Selexipag and its active metabolite selectively activate the IP receptor, increasing cAMP-dependent prostacyclin-pathway signaling. It is an oral IP agonist, not a prostacyclin analogue.